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Subject: PolityPrelims: Indian PolityMains: GS II

Governor's assent to state Bills: what Article 200 allows

Themes: Centre–state relations · Triggers: delays in assent to state Bills

Listen · 4 min
  • The Governor can give assent, withhold it, return the Bill or reserve it for the President.
  • A returned Bill, if passed again, must be assented to.
  • The text sets no time limit, which is why delays reach the courts.
Explain Add to Notes Generate MCQ MindMapping

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Daily news analysis written for the UPSC Civil Services syllabus — each article summarised, with key terms and a mind map so it can be revised in minutes.

Cyclone Murasu Approaching Andhra Pradesh
Environment and Ecology01-Nov-2026

Cyclone Murasu Approaching Andhra Pradesh

Cyclone Murasu Threatening Andhra Pradesh: Key Facts & Updates Cyclone Formation: The India Meteorological Department IMD announced a…

Creation of Keralam State and Legacy
Polity and Governance01-Nov-2026

Creation of Keralam State and Legacy

Historical Context: Kerala became an officially unified state on November 1, 1956, through the merger of Malayalam-speaking regions from…

Delhi's Winter Pollution Control Measures
Environment and Ecology01-Nov-2026

Delhi's Winter Pollution Control Measures

Delhi Government's Winter Air Pollution Control Measures Implementation Date: Measures to commence from November 1, 2026. Duration:…

Protests and Legal Rights in India
Polity and Governance01-Nov-2026

Protests and Legal Rights in India

Exam-Focused Notes on Peaceful Protests and Constitutional Rights in India 1. Constitutional Rights Related to Protests: Article 191b:…

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Book References Current Affairs Favorites
EconomyTheme: Fiscal federalismTrigger: Current affairs

Which constitutional body recommends how tax revenue is shared between the Centre and the states?

Hint: Article 280, constituted every five years.

Up nextPolity · Writs under Article 32Environment · Ramsar sitesEconomy · Repo rate
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Search notesAll SubjectsAll Sources
  • Fundamental Rights

    PolityAcademy 28 Oct

  • Monsoon mechanism

    GeographyCurrent Affairs 26 Oct

  • Fiscal deficit vs revenue deficit

    EconomyEdChat 24 Oct

Note Details

Edit

Fundamental Rights

Polity · Part III, Articles 12–35 · Date: 28 Oct

Justiciable rights against the State. Article 32 lets you move the Supreme Court directly to enforce them; Dr Ambedkar called it the heart and soul of the Constitution.

2:14 / 5:20
MindMapping

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Fundamental Rights

Polity · Smart Note

2:14 / 5:20

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Judicial
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Article 124Collegium systemNJAC verdict (2015)Way forward

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7/2008:42

UPSC Prelims · GS Paper I · Polity

With reference to the Fundamental Duties in the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:

  1. 1. They were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.
  2. 2. They are enforceable by the courts.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • a1 only
  • b2 only
  • cBoth 1 and 2
  • dNeither 1 nor 2
Correct62%Answered correctly0:48Time Spent
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Mode: Hard PDF

6/10

Score Obtained (60%)

Introduction1.5/2
Body3/5
Conclusion0.5/2
Presentation1/1

Q3.

Introduction: The basic structure doctrine limits the power of Parliament to amend the Constitution under Art. 368.

It was laid down in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1975).

Body: It protects features like judicial review, secularism, federalism and separation of powers.

In Minerva Mills (1980), the Court held that limited amending power is itself a basic feature.

It stops a majority from destroying the core of the Constitution.

Conclusion: Thus the doctrine is very important.

  • 1. Factual Inaccuracy

    Kesavananda Bharati was decided in 1973.

  • 2. Missing Dimension

    Add the criticism: the doctrine is judge-made.

  • 3. Lacks Substantiation

    Back this with Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975).

  • 4. Structure & Flow

    Conclusion needs a way forward.

UPSC Civil Services Prelims PYQs with Answers & Explanations

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EdchatSmart NotesSettings
PrelimsMains250 words

Explain the basic structure doctrine

  • Source lookup
  • Strategy preparation
  • Defining answer structure
  • Preparing final answer

Introduction: The basic structure doctrine holds that Parliament can amend the Constitution under Article 368 but cannot destroy its essential features.

Body: Laid down in Kesavananda Bharati (1973) and applied in Minerva Mills (1980), it protects judicial review, federalism and secularism…

Conclusion: It balances parliamentary sovereignty with constitutional supremacy.

Save Copy Was this question helpful?

Followup Questions:

What did Kesavananda Bharati decide?Is judicial review a basic feature?
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Your Progress

42

Current Affairs

310

MCQ Practice

180

PYQ Practice

12

Mains Evaluation

Subject Accuracy (MCQ)

Polity82%
History74%
Geography69%
Economy58%

AI Performance Insight

Consistency Score

Medium

PYQ Readiness

Needs Improvement

Strength Area

Polity

Weak Area

Economy

AI Suggests: Revise Economy this week: your MCQ accuracy there is 24 points below Polity.