UPSC Prelims Previous Year Questions

Explore 998 UPSC Prelims previous year questions from 10 exam years. Every question comes with the correct answer, a detailed explanation, the source it was drawn from, and an analysis of what UPSC intended to test.

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Latest questions from UPSC Prelims 2025

Q1UPSC Prelims 2025Indian and World Geography

Consider the following pairs:

Country – Resource-rich in
I. Botswana : Diamond
II. Chile : Lithium
III. Indonesia : Nickel

In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

  • (a)Only one
  • (b)Only two
  • (c)All the three
  • (d)None
View Answer & Explanation
Q2UPSC Prelims 2025Science and Technology

In the context of electric vehicle batteries, consider the following elements:

I. Cobalt
II. Graphite
III. Lithium
IV. Nickel

How many of the above usually make up battery cathodes?

  • (a)Only one
  • (b)Only two
  • (c)Only three
  • (d)All the four
View Answer & Explanation
Q3UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

Consider the following statements:

With reference to the Constitution of India, if an area in a State is declared as Scheduled Area under the Fifth Schedule,
I. the State Government loses its executive power in such areas and a local body assumes total administration.
II. the Union Government can take over the total administration of such areas under certain circumstances on the recommendations of the Governor.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • (a)I only
  • (b)II only
  • (c)Both I and II
  • (d)Neither I nor II
View Answer & Explanation
Q4UPSC Prelims 2025Environment and Ecology

Consider the following statements:

Statement I:
Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth's rotation and axis.

Statement II:
Solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections bombarded the Earth's outermost atmosphere with tremendous amount of energy.

Statement III:
As the Earth's polar ice melts, the water tends to move towards the equator.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  • (a)Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
  • (b)Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
  • (c)Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
  • (d)Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
View Answer & Explanation
Q5UPSC Prelims 2025History

Who among the following was the founder of the 'Self-Respect Movement'?

  • (a)'Periyar' E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker
  • (b)Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
  • (c)Bhaskarrao Jadhav
  • (d)Dinkarrao Javalkar
View Answer & Explanation
Q6UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

Consider the following statements:

I. The Constitution of India explicitly mentions that in certain spheres the Governor of a State acts in his/her own discretion.
II. The President of India can, of his/her own, reserve a bill passed by a State Legislature for his/her consideration without it being forwarded by the Governor of the State concerned.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • (a)I only
  • (b)II only
  • (c)Both I and II
  • (d)Neither I nor II
View Answer & Explanation
Q7UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

Consider the following pairs:

State – Description
I. Arunachal Pradesh : The capital is named after a fort, and the State has two National Parks.
II. Nagaland : The State came into existence on the basis of a Constitutional Amendment Act.
III. Tripura : Initially a Part 'C' State, it became a centrally administered territory with the reorganization of States in 1956 and later attained the status of a full-fledged State.

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

  • (a)Only one
  • (b)Only two
  • (c)All the three
  • (d)None
View Answer & Explanation
Q8UPSC Prelims 2025Economic and Social Development

Consider the following substances:

I. Ethanol 

II. Nitroglycerine 

III. Urea

Coal gasification technology can be used in the production of how many of them?

  • (a)Only one
  • (b)Only two
  • (c)All the three
  • (d)None
View Answer & Explanation
Q9UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

Consider the following statements about Lokpal:

I. The power of Lokpal applies to public servants of India, but not to the Indian public servants posted outside India.
II. The Chairperson or a Member shall not be a Member of the Parliament or a Member of the Legislature of any State or Union Territory, and only the Chief Justice of India, whether incumbent or retired, has to be its Chairperson.
III. The Chairperson or a Member shall not be a person of less than forty-five years of age on the date of assuming office as the Chairperson or Member, as the case may be.
IV. Lokpal cannot inquire into the allegations of corruption against a sitting Prime Minister of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • (a)III only
  • (b)II and III
  • (c)I and IV
  • (d)None of the above statements is correct
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Q10UPSC Prelims 2025Economic and Social Development

Consider the following statements:

I. India accounts for a very large portion of all equity option contracts traded globally thus exhibiting a great boom.
II. India's stock market has grown rapidly in the recent past even overtaking Hong Kong's at some point of time.
III. There is no regulatory body either to warn the small investors about the risks of options trading or to act on unregistered financial advisors in this regard.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  • (a)I and II only
  • (b)II and III only
  • (c)I and III only
  • (d)I, II and III
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Q11UPSC Prelims 2025Economic and Social Development

Which of the following statements with regard to recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission of India are correct?

I. It has recommended grants of ₹4,800 crores from the year 2022–23 to the year 2025–26 for incentivizing States to enhance educational outcomes.
II. 45% of the net proceeds of Union taxes are to be shared with States.
III. ₹45,000 crores are to be kept as performance-based incentive for all States for carrying out agricultural reforms.
IV. It reintroduced tax effort criteria to reward fiscal performance.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  • (a)I, II and III
  • (b)I, II and IV
  • (c)I, III and IV
  • (d)II, III and IV
View Answer & Explanation
Q12UPSC Prelims 2025History

The irrigation device called 'Araghatta' was

  • (a)a water bag made of leather pulled over a pulley
  • (b)a large wheel with earthen pots tied to the outer ends of its spokes
  • (c)a larger earthen pot driven by bullocks
  • (d)a large water bucket pulled up by rope directly by hand
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Q13UPSC Prelims 2025History

Subsequent to which one of the following events, Gandhiji, who consistently opposed untouchability and appealed for its eradication from all spheres, decided to include the upliftment of 'Harijans' in his political and social programme?

  • (a)The Poona Pact
  • (b)The Gandhi–Irwin Agreement (Delhi Pact)
  • (c)Arrest of Congress leadership at the time of the Quit India Movement
  • (d)Promulgation of the Government of India Act, 1935
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Q14UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

Consider the following statements:

I. If any question arises as to whether a Member of the House of the People has become subject to disqualification under the Tenth Schedule, the President's decision in accordance with the opinion of the Council of Union Ministers shall be final.
II. There is no mention of the word 'political party' in the Constitution of India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  • (a)I only
  • (b)II only
  • (c)Both I and II
  • (d)Neither I nor II
View Answer & Explanation
Q15UPSC Prelims 2025Polity and Governance

With reference to the Government of India, consider the following information:

Organization Some of its Functions It Works Under
Directorate of Enforcement Enforcement of the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 Internal Security Division-I, Ministry of Home Affairs
Directorate of Revenue Intelligence Enforces the provisions of the Customs Act, 1962 Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance
Directorate General of Systems and Data Management Carrying out big data analytics to assist tax officers for better policy and nabbing tax evaders Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance

In how many of the above rows is the information correctly matched?

  • (a)Only one
  • (b)Only two
  • (c)All the three
  • (d)None
View Answer & Explanation
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