UPSC Civil Services Current Affairs Articles

• Designation of Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve: India's Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, located in Himachal Pradesh's Lahaul-Spiti district, is among 26 new biosphere reserves recognized by UNESCO, increasing India's total to 13 biospheres within UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR).

• Geographical and Ecological Data: The biosphere spans approximately 7,770 sq. km and fea

Summary of Legal Issues Surrounding the Detention of Sonam Wangchuk under the National Security Act (NSA)

• Case Details: Climate activist Sonam Wangchuk was detained under the NSA on September 26, 2025, following police action during violent protests in Leh, resulting in four civilian fatalities. Wangchuk's hunger strike demanded Statehood and Sixth Schedule status for Ladakh.

• **Legal

• Between 2000 and 2015, significant progress was made globally in the fight against malaria, but by 2023, nearly 600,000 malaria-related deaths were reported, predominantly in Africa (95%).
• India saw an 80% reduction in malaria cases over the last decade, though districts in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and the Northeastern states still face challenges.
• The use of ivermectin for mass drug

Summary of Dugong Conservation Efforts in Tamil Nadu

• Dugong Population Recovery: Tamil Nadu has successfully increased the dugong population in the Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar regions to over 200 individuals, following extensive conservation measures and community involvement.

• Conservation Reserve: In September 2022, the Tamil Nadu government established a 448.34 square kilometer

• UN Reform Needs: External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar highlighted the need for UN reform during his address at the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, noting that the organization is “gridlocked” due to conflicts, lack of resources, and terrorism.

• India's Role: Jaishankar emphasized India’s readiness to take on greater responsibilities in the UN, including expanding the Securi

Summary of UPSC Constitution and Historical Overview

• The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) was established on October 1, 1926, under the Government of India Act, 1919, and became a constitutional body when the Constitution of India came into effect on January 26, 1950.
• Its mandate is outlined in Article 320, which defines the functions of Public Service Commissions, primarily to

Summary of H-1B Visa Proclamation Impact and Context

• Proclamation Overview: On September 19, President Donald Trump signed a proclamation increasing H-1B visa processing fees by approximately 60 times to $100,000, aimed at curbing potential abuses that could displace U.S. workers and undermine national security. The revised fee applies only to new applications effective from September 2