Intense Monsoons Impact Odisha Significantly

Odisha Monsoon Summary

Rainfall Statistics:

• Odisha recorded 1,453 mm of rainfall from June to September 25, 29% excess compared to the long-term average.
• An estimated 5.2 lakh people affected by July 30 and 13.5 lakh by August 27 due to heavy rainfall.
• More than 60 locations received over 100 mm of rain in 24 hours.

Meteorological Observations:

• 11 atmospheric systems noted over the Bay of Bengal; latest system made landfall on September 23.
• Weather patterns include prediction of 90% of long-period average rainfall due to an expected El Niño.

Geographical Impact:

• Odisha's terrain features highlands prone to slope failure and deltas with low gradients causing drainage issues.
• Rivers such as Baitarani, Budhabalanga, Jalaka, and Rushikulya are at peak levels posing flood risks.

Government Policy & Framework:

• Odisha maintains a long-term policy aimed at zero casualties during weather emergencies; effectiveness under scrutiny as flood risks and infrastructure deficiencies emerge.
• The CAG (Comptroller and Auditor General) noted deficiencies in drainage design and maintenance in 2024.

Climate Patterns:

• A study from Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology indicates that maximum rainfall events are increasing despite a decrease in the frequency of heavy-rain days (1901-2020 data).
• Climate change correlates with intense rain events and prolonged monsoon withdrawal phases.

Disaster Management:

• Odisha is known for its effective disaster management protocols. Issues remain with recurrent waterlogging in urban areas like Berhampur and disruptions to highways and railways.
• Need for improvements in socio-economic and infrastructural resilience and adaptation to shifting climatic patterns.

Future Directions:

• Transition from anticipating isolated seasonal anomalies to preparing for repeated intense downpours is advised to enhance disaster preparedness.

This analysis underscores the critical need for ongoing assessment and adaptation of natural disaster response mechanisms, infrastructure improvements, and climate resilience strategies in response to changing meteorological patterns in Odisha.