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Delhi's Air Quality Graded Response Action

Published on: 22-Oct-2026

Source: Indian Express

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Delhi's Air Quality Graded Response Action

Article Summary

Summary of GRAP-1 Implementation Due to Deteriorating Air Quality in Delhi-NCR

Current Air Quality Status:

  • Delhi's Air Quality Index (AQI) reached 244 (Poor category) on October 21, with projections indicating continued poor air quality.

Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP):

  • Inception: Established following Supreme Court directives in December 2016 and notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change on January 12, 2017.
  • Objective: To implement emergency measures based on air quality levels.
  • Stage Descriptions:
    • Stage I (Poor): AQI 201-300
    • Stage II (Very Poor): AQI 301-400
    • Stage III (Severe): AQI 401-450
    • Stage IV (Severe+): AQI > 450

Measures Under GRAP Stage I:

  • Pollution Mitigation: Strengthening rules governing:
    • Dust mitigation from construction and demolition activities.
    • Vehicle emissions, including checks on diesel generator sets.
  • Traffic Management:
    • Synchronizing traffic signals.
    • Enforcing Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificates and impounding of visibly polluting vehicles.
    • Restricting entry of certain non-compliant vehicles into Delhi.
  • Public Transport Enhancements:
    • Increase in frequency and fleet of CNG and electric buses.
    • Promotion of off-peak travel with differential fares.

Dust Control Measures:

  • Regular mechanized road cleaning and water sprinkling to suppress road dust.
  • Enforcing compliance with dust-control measures at construction sites.

Waste Management:

  • Ensure proper waste collection and disposal.
  • Ban on open burning of waste.
  • Responding to illegal dumping.

Industrial Emissions:

  • Enhanced inspections of industries.
  • Strict penalties for non-compliance with pollution regulations.

Public Compliance Recommendations:

  • Vehicle checks for proper maintenance and valid PUC.
  • Use of public transport and carpooling encouraged.
  • Segregation of waste and adherence to compliance with dust-control measures.

Resident Responsibilities:

  • Monitoring AQI via mobile apps (e.g., SAMEER App).
  • Promoting public awareness and adherence to pollution reduction practices.
  • Reporting pollution incidents through municipal apps.

Additional Context:

  • Environmental Impact: GRAP aims to tackle alarming air pollution levels which pose significant health risks.
  • Public Health and Safety: Strong emphasis on minimizing reliance on diesel generators and promoting cleaner alternate fuel sources in restaurants and eateries.

References to Legal and Constitutional Framework:

  • GRAP is a product of judicial directions (Supreme Court) and is enforced under the National Green Tribunal (NGT) orders, signifying the legal backbone of the actions taken towards pollution control in Delhi-NCR.

This summary encapsulates the critical elements of GRAP-1 with respect to air quality management in Delhi-NCR, highlighting the relevant measures, responsibilities, and legal context involved in combating air pollution.

Key Terms & Concepts

Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)Emergency measures for air quality
Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM)Authority overseeing air quality
Air Quality Index (AQI)Measurement of air pollution
Stage I of GRAPActivated for 'Poor' AQI
Supreme Court directionsGuidance on air quality legislation
Pollution Under Control (PUC)Ensuring vehicle emission standards
National Green Tribunal (NGT)Authority for environmental enforcement
December 2016Start of GRAP implementation
January 12, 2017GRAP notification date
Delhi-NCRRegion affected by air pollution

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Union Environment Ministry’s 2021 Ash Utilisation Notification

Key Provisions of the 2021 Ash Utilisation Notification

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  • Permissible uses of fly ash include:
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    • Production of cement.
    • Other approved applications.

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  • Audits of fly ash management are required to be performed by CPCB-authorised auditors.
  • Reports from these audits need submission to the CPCB and the respective State Pollution Control Boards by November 30 each year.

Enforcement and Oversight

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  • Non-compliant plants are directed to meet requirements within stipulated deadlines.

Judicial Oversight

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  • Potential Causes:
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Government Initiatives:

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